Turkey

The time has come when we have to take on terrorism as an unforgivable crime against humanity and there should be world forum, under U.N.O. to deal with it. Pakistan has become breeding ground for terrorism with the blessing and support of army there. At present it’s targeting India mostly but sooner the maniac will grow bigger and get assess to nuclear weapons there. The manner in which world body is tackling it, is slow and ineffective. With China in its backing Pakistan is towering over India as a giant and the Govt. Of India lacks the necessary courage to take on Pakistan head on for fear of a nuclear out burst which can’t be denied altogether. In such a situation U.N.O must come forward and take stringent economic measures against the erring Pakistan and isolate it. Instead of America playing a major role in fighting terrorism and Taliban, I think combined forces of U.N.O should fight. I think U.S.A should take a back seat and allow U.N.O. to operate. Strengthen security council and abolish power to veto. Unless that is done, we can never wage a sustainable war against terrorism.

Let’s not beg for help from others.
Corruption has seeped deep into the core of our system, from the politicians down to the police forces. We should make efforts to root out this menace.
Let us revamp our Intelligence network. At present we have so many Agencies , working in cross purposes.
Did the UN solve the Kashmir problem ?
So let us have faith in ourselves.

…and…now we live in a world where you can’t trust your banker or your real estate agent or your accountant or your government for that matter.

It is finance they need to learn, economics is not useful unless you know a lot more than can be taught in one class.

Towns grew up very slowly. For defense they were surrounded by stone walls. Narrow streets wound around a hillside, or about a castle or cathedral, or along a harbor’s shoreline. Upper stories of buildings were often built out over a street to save space. Industrial life was conducted along very simple lines. A shoemaker, for example, bought his leather in the weekly market, took orders from his customers, and made the shoes and sold them in the front of his house, and used the rear or an upper floor as a dwelling.

In larger places, townsmen gradually secured privileges, such as the right to pay a town tax instead of rendering individual services to a lord, and the right to have their own town government. Most towns were little more than villages. As late as 1250, London probably had only about 25,000 people; the two towns next in size, York and Bristol, each about 10,000; and most of the towns of England, from 1,500 to 4,000. In places on the Continent, and especially in Italy, in southern France, on the Rhine River, and in parts of the Netherlands, towns were much larger and more influential than in England, but even in these regions, the great revival of town life and the general expansion of trade beyond local limits were distinctive features of the age of the Renaissance.

When merchants attempted to carry on trade beyond the interchange of goods between local villages, towns, and markets, they met many difficulties. Guilds, which were organized for purely local trade, were usually hostile to outsiders. Londoners, for example, were regarded as foreigners at Bristol. The disorder of the long-continued invasions was followed by almost constant fighting between the feudal lords. Rulers were interested not so much in encouraging trade as in exacting tolls and taxes.

During this period, there were few good roads and bridges, and only a small number of lighthouses or other aids to navigation. Goods were carried mostly by pack-horse, sailboat, and rowboat. Geographical ideas were vague and commonly erroneous. Storms, floods, fires, pestilences, and other acts of God were dreaded less than the acts of robber barons and of pirates. There was no dependable system of money. Credit was little used, and weights and measures as well as coinages were matters of local arrangement. Added to all these difficulties, crude methods of production and transportation limited the available surplus of goods for sale.

In view of these conditions, there was a remarkable growth of towns and expansion of trade in the 14th and 15th centuries. The first, or medieval, phase of this expansion was connected with the Crusades. Knowledge of new goods and of new opportunities for trade and adventure in the Middle East and Far East was brought back to Europe by the crusading knights, stimulating a keen desire that resulted in the discovery of methods to overcome obstacles in the way of distant trading. (See also Crusades.)

Guilds and town markets were merely local. How did goods from one region find their way to other parts of Europe or to more distant countries? An old English law refers to “pedlars, tynkers, and petye chapmen.” These men visited markets and fairs and went about the country in large numbers, selling such goods as “pynnes, poyntes, laces, gloves, knyves, glasses, and tapes.” They were “a jovial race,” seeking success “through fair speech and enticing words.”

In addition to “petty chapmen,” there were regular merchants and their agents, many of whom not only visited the principal fairs and towns in their own countries, but also bought and sold in the marts of distant places. They often acquired considerable wealth, and by interchange of ideas and customs built up a set of practices known as the “law merchant” for regulating European trade—including transactions at fairs as well as trade by sea.

Start of Banking Systems

Some of the wealthier merchants were also bankers. They loaned money to landlords and rulers as well as to businessmen, and found ways to overcome the medieval objections to interest, or usury. They bought and sold at a profit different kinds of coins—a business called money changing. They came to be so well known not only at home but also in other parts of Europe that they often acted as agents in handling accounts as well as goods. If A in Germany owed B in Italy for a consignment of goods sent north, and if C in Italy owed D in Germany for goods sent south, credit arrangements resembling modern bills of exchange were handled by bankers such as the Fuggers of Augsburg or the Medici of Florence, so that it was not necessary to send much cash back and forth. The bankers introduced, in a crude form, the writing of insurance policies. Their notes and credit papers were so widely recognized that they circulated to some extent as money. Thus, in the early expansion of trade, were the beginnings of our financial system.

Merchants had little protection from robbers, pirates, and other hazards of travel. Partly for protection and partly for companionship, they traveled in groups, employed guards, and sent out their armed boats in fleets. Many associations or companies were formed for a single voyage or particular occasion. In some cases, permanent groups or corporations were formed. In England, for instance, the Merchants of the Staple handled staple goods, such as wool, tin, leather, and lead, and were required to ship them from certain “staple” towns in England to a “staple” town on the Continent. Later, the Company of Merchant Adventurers was formed to deal more largely in manufactured goods, especially woolens.

These companies received charters of incorporation, with various rights and powers. They were “associated” or “regulated” companies. The members carried on trade on their own accounts, with the protection and the regulations of the company. First in Italy, and later in other countries, some of these groups became joint-stock companies. The selling of pieces of paper representing shares of ownership and interest in an enterprise has come to be the principal method of financing business undertakings.

In Venice and some other cities, ships were owned by the town governments. These governments sent out consuls, established trading centers, and made treaties. There were leagues of governments such as the Hanseatic League of North German cities (see Hanseatic League).

It served in place of a central government though it had no constitution. In Western Europe, strong central governments were growing up. When trade shifted westward in the 16th century, national, rather than town, governments formed the political basis for commercial and colonial expansion.

Especially in this world wide economic down turn, because the govt have to serve their people who are becoming poor and I don’t think that the U.S could really afford more, so whats the point ?

Your point is interesting, but the US doesn’t advertise to bring in more poor. It advertises to bring in more students with high math and science skills. Business in the US is deprived of "american" math skills and they need that talent to maintain cutting edge technology and business. Check out Google in the Silicon Valley. There are very few white faces that are not at the management level. The tech workers, IT consults, and R&D groups are primarily of asian and indian decent…and if they can’t get green cards, there is nobody to replace them.

It is a true testament of America’s open door policy if you have something to sell. It’s also a testament of just how badly we have educated our own over the last 100 years. Education simply is not a honored, or even a priority, here in the US.

1) Indo-Europeans and Semites were people who were defined by their:

a. racial characteristics
b. religious beliefs
c. linguistic origins
d. warlike characteristics

2) The significance of classical Greek civilization for the modern world is primarily that:

a. they introduced a monotheistic and ethical religion for the first time.
b. they established a universal law code which helped them to unify and rule over a great empire.
c. they were the first society to introduce agriculture.
d. at the height of the classical period, they were explaining the world in natural and philosophical ways.

3) The significance of the Hebrew civilization for the modern world is primarily that:

a. they introduced a monotheistic and ethical religion for the first time.
b. they established a universal law code which helped them to unify and rule over a great empire.
c. they were the first society to introduce agriculture.
d. at the height of the classical period, they were explaining the world in natural and philosophical ways.

4) The most impressive achievement of Hellenistic civilization in the economic realm was:

a. an industrial revolution.
b. a switch to a sophisticated consumer society.
c. blocking the overland trade with India and Arabia.
d. the creation of a broad commercial network extending from the Iranian plateau to the Atlantic Ocean.

5) Which of the following statements about farm and village life during the turmoil of the third century A.D. is true?

a. Crime decreased
b. Corruption and lawlessness increased
c. The villas (large, self-sufficient estates) disintegrated.
d. Small landholdings increased.

Can someone help me with this?

1. C
2. D
3. A
4. D?
5. No idea

G-20 group are now giving $1 trillion to IMF and World Bank…. after this has just come out.
http://www.congresscheck.com/2009/04/01/world-bank-president-admits-agenda-for-global-government/
(Read the whole article and if you’d rather read from another source, type it in on google and tons of sources come up)

Barack Obama & Hilary Clinton went to these "bilderberg" meetings, so did Gordon Brown and many other world leader.
The G20 plan to save our economy is to form a one world economic order/new global deal, an economic stimulus and a reserve currency, sarkozy wants tougher financial regulation, not those…. one guy out of twenty that doesn’t support it. Im sure they’ll soon get rid of him.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7978406.stm

So much for the supposed "conspiracy"?

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/analysis-and-features/g20-summit-new-world-order-1012519.html
http://money.cnn.com/2008/11/14/news/economy/g20_powerplay/
http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/europe/04/01/oakley.summit/
Read those too, funny how CNN didn’t report those. The British media is apparently reporting it, why isn’t ours?
Is the taliban threatening to attack the white house just to divert our attention?

"We are on the verge of a global trasformation. All we need is the right major crisis and the nations will accept the new world order" David Rockefeller

I didn’t vote for him , and neither did 48% of America.

Apparently, from what I’ve heard the United States is headed for an economic collapse. What I want to know is how will an Economic Collapse affect Asia?

According to Peter Schiff, Asian currency will rise as the US dollar falls. China is looking to be a world economic leader and would lead Asia. Also billionaire Jim Rogers has moved to Singapore and said that China is going to grow.

Do any of you feel that any of this is true? What I want to know is how will Asia do if the United States collapses economically?

First of all, the US economy is not going to collapse. It’s not even clear we’re in a recession. The great depression was exacerbated by a fledgling fed that did exactly the opposite of what they should have done. That is, they took liquidity out of the system rather than adding it.
Regarding your question, a collapse of the largest economy in the world (we are four, some think five times larger than China in GDP) would send the entire world into a depression. Since we would presumably default on our treasury bonds, of which China and Japan hold the most in the world, countries who hold our bonds as foreign reserves would experience a crisis of liquidity. Also, their export markets would dry up overnight and there would be a run on their banks. It is difficult to judge, but Asian countries would probably be worse off than the US.

Finally, we had a fair election. I know President Obama has a lot of work to do, in order to stop the economic downward spiral, and rebuild our economy, as well as rebuild America’s status in the world political forum. However, the election Of President Obama was the step in the right direction.

How will you be celebrating the election of President Obama today?

I celebrated last night. Today I am taking down the signs and removing the bumper stickers. The election is over, and there is a lot of work ahead. Thanks to everyone who voted for change!

do you agree with me that economics is more and more modern? it helps our life beter? should we modernize economics in industry or agriculture?in your opinion, how is a country having developed economics? it must be an industrial country? what do you think about economics in VIETNAM?

Your question covers many areas. Many nations in the world are trying to modernize their economies, including Viet-Nam. A country can achieve development by may ways - through agriculture, industry, services or trade.

CC

Well I am a student of Economics and I notice several ideas are being batted around….
But in a simple way I think it is not so much a crisis as it is a correction and a natural occurance of the Business Cycle. Now it seems governments and people in general want to ignore the Business Cycle. a 4 part cycle 1 of which is called depression and depressions were outlawed by FDR the US president in the ‘30-’40’s that was only a way of passing down the problem to the future and the longer to depression is prevented the worse it will be.
To relate it to something you can understand think about your body, you like certain things maybe playing ball and eating cake….
but if you play too much or eat too much it will get you sick and tired.
If you never sleep you will die.
That’s why you have a cycle each day and you rest and sleep.
The economy is much the same way it wants to buy and sell all the time get rich and keep on revving up but we have over extended our credit and assets have become over inflated of their true value.
If you play ball hour after hour you stop getting better and start getting worse.
Our economy got so good at selling things we started selling more things to more people beyond what they can afford to pay for, now the bills are not paid and the sellers are not as rich as they thought they were….
In this particular situation in the Earth today I believe that a good intention— Increasing home ownership and the consquential extension of credit to high risk buyers led to a massive shortfall in the return on those loans added to an insurance practice of guareteeing those loans beyond the real capacity to back them, caused another short fall but all is not lost, governments guarenteed all these loans so they pass the damage on to the taxpayers and the additional burden will decrease consumer spending on retail goods, large and small.
Some people may point fingers of blame to be sure and they would be right in doing so, If you follow the money, and keep an open mind about who is to blame its not hard to find out and it is sad to be sure.
And possibly criminal, I think as people investigate the facts behind the crisis if they can have access to the truth it will be the demise of the Democrat Pary in the USA. The only question in my mind is whether this was just stupidity on parade or an evil plot to increase the power and influence of the government I’d be willing to bet on stupidity if the media and schools were not also controlled by the same political party. And don’t get me wrong I sure that most of the people are just innocent players but they believed ideas to be true because they thought the leaders were pure but the leaders were not pure! ouch!
If these up coming elections are pure my hope is for a complete removal of the democrat party until they can rebuild a new group that is not bent on a ideology of anti-Americanism or whatever it is that’s wrong these people, anti-God?, anti-human?, something is wrong!
I have always wondered about the line between stupid and evil.
sorry to get political but the answer is really An over extention of credit
and why not the government promised to pay for it all!